Country Overview
Colombia has a top tier performance in the preparation of PPPs which may have contributed to a high level of PPP infrastructure activity over the last five years. Improving the depth and liquidity of its financial markets and strengthening its regulatory frameworks, particularly taxation incentives, would likely enable higher private sector investment.
See Full Overview Data
GDP per capita
6,159 USD
Population
51.0 million persons
Infrastructure quality
64.3 (0-100 best)
Infrastructure investment
2.5% of GDP
Infrastructure gap
0.9% of GDP

Driver Overview

This section shows a country’s rank, ranking change and score for each of the eight drivers. It also categorises each country’s driver performance on a scale from “Emerging” (score from 0-20) to “Global Leader” (score from 80-100).

Driver
Rank
Score /100
Emerging Aspiring Contender Top performer Global Leader
- No ranking change Ranking increase Ranking decrease

Rank

Score /100

Best practice

24
-
63.9
Top performer
39
4
60.7
Contender
41
6
70.2
Contender
4
-
98.5
Global Leader
24
10
83.8
Top performer
12
9
53.4
Global Leader
41
3
36.1
Contender
44
1
30.2
Contender

Metric Overview

Strengths

Value of closed PPP infrastructure deals

In the Americas, Colombia has the second highest values of closed infrastructure deals with foreign equity sponsorship at 0.52% of GDP. A high value may reflect a recent track record of completing PPPs but going forward could be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Financial stability

Colombia is third among Upper Middle Income Countries on financial stability. A stable financial system facilitates the smooth flow of funds between infrastructure assets and investors. The long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic is a concern.

Preparation of PPPs

At 90, Colombia ranks third on the preparation of PPPs among all InfraCompass 2020 countries. Good practices at the preparation stage helps to ensure that a decision is justified and that the procuring authority is ready to initiate the procurement process.

Value of closed PPP infrastructure deals

In the Americas, Colombia has the second highest values of closed infrastructure deals with foreign equity sponsorship at 0.52% of GDP. A high value may reflect a recent track record of completing PPPs but going forward could be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Financial stability

Colombia is third among Upper Middle Income Countries on financial stability. A stable financial system facilitates the smooth flow of funds between infrastructure assets and investors. The long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic is a concern.

Preparation of PPPs

At 90, Colombia ranks third on the preparation of PPPs among all InfraCompass 2020 countries. Good practices at the preparation stage helps to ensure that a decision is justified and that the procuring authority is ready to initiate the procurement process.

Top Performing Metrics

Top Performing Metrics

This is defined by the metrics with the highest unweighted score out of 100. 

Upper-middle income country average

Financial markets:
Financial stability

Opportunities to Grow

Stocks traded

Colombia traded stocks worth 4.1% of GDP in 2019, far below the Upper Middle Income Countries’ average of 25%. As this indicator measures the liquidity of equities, it is important to infrastructure investors to know they can exit investments at appropriate points.

Long term GDP growth trend

Colombia’s long-term GDP growth trend has decreased from a peak of 4.8% in 2014 to 3.5% in 2019. Combined with the uncertain impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, this low growth trend may hamper Colombia’s ability to borrow and build more infrastructure.

Effect of taxation on incentives to invest

At 25.1 Colombia’s score is significantly below the Upper Middle Income Countries’ average score of 41. Colombia has some measures in place to promote investment, however, it could be improved. A low score could discourage investment and affect the competitiveness of the market.

Stocks traded

Colombia traded stocks worth 4.1% of GDP in 2019, far below the Upper Middle Income Countries’ average of 25%. As this indicator measures the liquidity of equities, it is important to infrastructure investors to know they can exit investments at appropriate points.

Long term GDP growth trend

Colombia’s long-term GDP growth trend has decreased from a peak of 4.8% in 2014 to 3.5% in 2019. Combined with the uncertain impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, this low growth trend may hamper Colombia’s ability to borrow and build more infrastructure.

Effect of taxation on incentives to invest

At 25.1 Colombia’s score is significantly below the Upper Middle Income Countries’ average score of 41. Colombia has some measures in place to promote investment, however, it could be improved. A low score could discourage investment and affect the competitiveness of the market.

Metrics to Improve

Metrics to Improve

This is defined by the metrics with the lowest weighted score out of 100, such that these metrics would have the greatest impact on the overall score.

For metrics that have binary outcomes (yes=100/no=0), no comparative income group average is reported.

Upper-middle income country average

Financial markets:
Stocks traded

Funding capacity:
Long term GDP growth trend

Detailed Data

This section shows country data for each of the 41 metrics. The figures in brackets denote the change in score since InfraCompass 2017. 

Note that all data has been normalised on a scale of 1-100. For raw metric data, please download the complete InfraCompass 2020 dataset. 

Where relevant, some metric scores have been inverted, such that all metrics have positive relationships with good infrastructure outcomes. For example, since lower compliance costs make it easier to invest in infrastructure, the normalised value of ‘number of procedures to start a business’ has been reversed such that lower number of procedures are scored closer to 100, and higher numbers closer to 0. In other words, a score of 0 indicates a poor performance, rather than 0 number of procedures.

Governance Regulatory Permits Planning Procurement Activity Funding Financial
Driver
Rank
Score /100
Emerging Aspiring Contender Top performer Global Leader
- No ranking change Ranking increase Ranking decrease

Metric

Colombia

Upper-middle Income Countries Average

Source Link

28.2%

Recovery rate

The recovery rate is recorded as cents on the dollar recovered by secured creditors through reorganisation, liquidation or debt enforcement (foreclosure or receivership) proceedings.

68.7 (-0.7)
37.7

20.7%

Rule of law

World Governance Composite Indicator reflecting perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence. The rule of law reflects whether the law imposes limits of power on the state, private sector and individuals.

41.8 (-2.6)
45.1

18.1%

Post-completion reviews

Whether the country conducts post-completion reviews on infrastructure projects to ensure the forecast outcomes are being achieved.

Yes
-

15.1%

Shareholder governance

Measures the governance practices that protect shareholders through three dimensions: the extent of shareholder rights index (shareholders’ rights and role in major corporate decisions), the extent of ownership and control index (governance safeguards protecting shareholders from undue board control and entrenchment), and the extent of corporate transparency index (corporate transparency on ownership stakes).

53.3
40.2

12.8%

Political stability and absence of violence score

Measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence, including terrorism. Estimate gives the country's score on the aggregate indicator, in units of a standard normal distribution i.e. ranging from approximately -2.5 to 2.5.

36.4 (+1.2)
46.1

5%

Infrastructure or PPP agency

Whether an infrastructure agency exists to coordinate an integrated approach to infrastructure delivery and policy.

Yes
-

Colombia

Upper-middle Income Countries Average

68.7 (-0.7)
37.7
41.8 (-2.6)
45.1
Yes
-
53.3
40.2
36.4 (+1.2)
46.1
Yes
-

Country Overview Data

Colombia has a top tier performance in the preparation of PPPs which may have contributed to a high level of PPP infrastructure activity over the last five years. Improving the depth and liquidity of its financial markets and strengthening its regulatory frameworks, particularly taxation incentives, would likely enable higher private sector investment.
GDP per capita

6,159 USD

Population

51.0 million persons

Infrastructure quality

64.3 (0-100 best)

Infrastructure investment

2.5% of GDP

Infrastructure gap

0.9% of GDP

GDP

327.9 USD billion

GDP growth rate

3.4%

GDP per capita growth rate

-2.0%

Gini coefficient

49.7 (0-100 worst)

Gross Government Debt

51.0% of GDP

Inflation rate

3.6%

Summary credit rating

58.0 (0-100 best)

Unemployment rate

9.2%

Urbanisation ratio

81.0% of total population

Road connectivity

65.4 (0-100 best)

Quality of road infrastructure

3.4 (1-7 best)

Efficiency of train services

1.7 (1-7 best)

Efficiency of air transport services

4.5 (1-7 best)

Efficiency of seaport services

4.1 (1-7 best)

Electricity access

97.0% of population

Electricity supply quality

9.1% of output lost

Exposure to unsafe drinking water

19.5% of population

Reliability of water supply

4.9 (1-7 best)

Digital Adoption Index

0.6 (0-1 best)

Mobile-broadband subscriptions

52.3 per 100 population

Fixed-broadband Internet subscriptions

13.4 per 100 population