Driver Overview
This section shows a country’s rank, ranking change and score for each of the eight drivers. It also categorises each country’s driver performance on a scale from “Emerging” (score from 0-20) to “Global Leader” (score from 80-100).
Rank
Score /100
Best practice
Metric Overview
Strengths
Value of closed PPP infrastructure deals
As an emerging economy, Vietnam is working to increase investment in infrastructure. In 2019, Vietnam closed one of the largest deals in the power sector, the Nghi Son 2, a USD 2.3 billion project.
Cost to start a business
According to the World Bank, the cost to start a business in Vietnam is 5.6% of income per capita, well below the 17.4% average cost for Lower Middle Income Countries, easing the entry of new firms.
Financial stability
Vietnam's financial sector has experienced significant growth and development. Ongoing regulatory reforms, such as the recent adoption of Basel II requirements in December 2019, have helped to promote stability and ensure sufficient liquidity and capital in the sector. The long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is a concern.
Top Performing Metrics
Top Performing Metrics
This is defined by the metrics with the highest unweighted score out of 100.
Activity:
Value of closed PPP infrastructure deals
Permits:
Cost to start a business
Financial markets:
Financial stability
Opportunities to Grow
Published infrastructure plan
Vietnam does not have a national or sub-national infrastructure plan. The addition of an infrastructure plan could help place greater emphasis on the planning phase of projects, in turn helping to focus infrastructure spending in the right areas to achieve the best results.
GDP per capita
Despite being one of South-East Asia's fastest growing economics, Vietnam's GDP per capita is still relatively low at USD 2,567. Since 2002, GDP per capita has increased two and a half times and is expected to continue to improve.
Gross government debt
Vietnam's gross government debt amounts to 53% of GDP. If public debt continues to grow it could significantly affect the ability of the government to fund new infrastructure projects.
Metrics to Improve
Metrics to Improve
This is defined by the metrics with the lowest weighted score out of 100, such that these metrics would have the greatest impact on the overall score.
For metrics that have binary outcomes (yes=100/no=0), no comparative income group average is reported.
Planning:
Published infrastructure plan
Funding capacity:
GDP per capita
Funding capacity:
Gross government debt
Detailed Data
This section shows country data for each of the 41 metrics. The figures in brackets denote the change in score since InfraCompass 2017.
Note that all data has been normalised on a scale of 1-100. For raw metric data, please download the complete InfraCompass 2020 dataset.
Where relevant, some metric scores have been inverted, such that all metrics have positive relationships with good infrastructure outcomes. For example, since lower compliance costs make it easier to invest in infrastructure, the normalised value of ‘number of procedures to start a business’ has been reversed such that lower number of procedures are scored closer to 100, and higher numbers closer to 0. In other words, a score of 0 indicates a poor performance, rather than 0 number of procedures.
28.2%
The recovery rate is recorded as cents on the dollar recovered by secured creditors through reorganisation, liquidation or debt enforcement (foreclosure or receivership) proceedings.
20.7%
World Governance Composite Indicator reflecting perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence. The rule of law reflects whether the law imposes limits of power on the state, private sector and individuals.
18.1%
Whether the country conducts post-completion reviews on infrastructure projects to ensure the forecast outcomes are being achieved.
15.1%
Measures the governance practices that protect shareholders through three dimensions: the extent of shareholder rights index (shareholders’ rights and role in major corporate decisions), the extent of ownership and control index (governance safeguards protecting shareholders from undue board control and entrenchment), and the extent of corporate transparency index (corporate transparency on ownership stakes).
12.8%
Political stability and absence of violence score
Measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence, including terrorism. Estimate gives the country's score on the aggregate indicator, in units of a standard normal distribution i.e. ranging from approximately -2.5 to 2.5.
5%
Whether an infrastructure agency exists to coordinate an integrated approach to infrastructure delivery and policy.
Vietnam
Lower-middle Income Countries Average
Description
The recovery rate is recorded as cents on the dollar recovered by secured creditors through reorganisation, liquidation or debt enforcement (foreclosure or receivership) proceedings.
Weighting (% of Driver)
28.2%
Source Link
Description
World Governance Composite Indicator reflecting perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence. The rule of law reflects whether the law imposes limits of power on the state, private sector and individuals.
Weighting (% of Driver)
20.7%
Description
Whether the country conducts post-completion reviews on infrastructure projects to ensure the forecast outcomes are being achieved.
Weighting (% of Driver)
18.1%
Source Link
Description
Measures the governance practices that protect shareholders through three dimensions: the extent of shareholder rights index (shareholders’ rights and role in major corporate decisions), the extent of ownership and control index (governance safeguards protecting shareholders from undue board control and entrenchment), and the extent of corporate transparency index (corporate transparency on ownership stakes).
Weighting (% of Driver)
15.1%
Source Link
Description
Measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence, including terrorism. Estimate gives the country's score on the aggregate indicator, in units of a standard normal distribution i.e. ranging from approximately -2.5 to 2.5.
Weighting (% of Driver)
12.8%
Description
Whether an infrastructure agency exists to coordinate an integrated approach to infrastructure delivery and policy.
Weighting (% of Driver)
5%
Source Link
Country Overview Data
3,718 USD
Population98.5 million persons
65.9 (0-100 best)
Infrastructure investment6.3% of GDP
Infrastructure gap1.2% of GDP
6.5%
GDP per capita growth rate7.4%
Gini coefficient35.3 (0-100 worst)
Gross Government Debt54.0% of GDP
Inflation rate3.6%
Summary credit rating43.0 (0-100 best)
Unemployment rate1.9%
Urbanisation ratio36.0% of total population
Road connectivity63.3 (0-100 best)
3.4 (1-7 best)
Efficiency of train services3.6 (1-7 best)
Efficiency of air transport services4.0 (1-7 best)
Efficiency of seaport services3.8 (1-7 best)
Electricity access98.8% of population
Electricity supply quality10.2% of output lost
Exposure to unsafe drinking water34.3% of population
Reliability of water supply4.6 (1-7 best)
Mobile-broadband subscriptions71.9 per 100 population
Fixed-broadband Internet subscriptions13.6 per 100 population